Loom motions are classified into three types
Primary Motions
Secondary Motions.
Tertiary Motions / Auxiliary Motions.
Primary Motions of Loom:
Shedding, Picking, Beat-up
Secondary Motions of Loom:
Let off Motion, Take up Motion
Tertiary Motions / Auxiliary Motions:
Warp stop motion, Weft stop motion, Warp Protective motion, Weft mixing motion, Feeler motion, Brake motion, Weft replenishment motion, Cutter, Temples, Tension sensor, etc..
Primary Motions:
This is a necessary process for weaving. Without this Motion it is impossible to weave a fabric. Primary Motions are again classified into:
Shedding: It is a process by which warp sheet is divided into two which will facilitate the passage of weft yarn from one end to another end.
Picking: It is a process of transferring the weft yarn (pick) into the shed from one side of the loom to another end. In case of shuttle loom picking is done from both sides of the loom. In case of shuttle less loom picking is carried out only from one side of the loom.
Beat Up: It is a process of pushing the newly inserted pick back into the cloth fell by using reed.
Secondary Motions:
This motion is most important after Primary Motions. Secondary Motions are classified into:
Let-off Motion: This is also known as Warp Control motion. This motion delivers the warp yarn to weaving zone at a constant rate at controlled tension. Let off is done from Weavers beam.
Take-Up Motion: It is a process of winding up the woven fabric in roll form at constant rate and which will give required pick spacing.
Tertiary Motions / Auxiliary Motions:
These motions are added to a loom to obtain high productivity and good quality of fabric. This motion is useful for production of fabric but not essential. Auxiliary Motions are Classified into:
Warp Stop Motion: This motion helps to stop the loom in case of warp yarn breakage or extensively loosened warp yarn.
Weft Stop Motion: This motion helps to stop the loom in case of Weft yarn breakage or run-out of the pirn (Weft Package).
Warp Protector Motion: This motion protects the warp yarns by stopping the loom when shuttle fails to reach the other end of the loom.
Weft Mixing Motion: This helps to insert various colored weft yarn into the same fabric for check and stripe effect.
Feeler Motion: This motion helps to identify the presence of weft yarn on pirn.
Break Motion: This is a mechanism to stop the loom when weft yarn breaks.
Weft Replacement Motion: This motion helps to provide uninterrupted filling insertion by changing the depleted to a full package.